Knowledge Hub
Apparel manufacturing, explained plainly
Every guide here answers its question in the first paragraph, then explains the detail underneath. Costs are described as costs — we do not publish a price list, because a price without a specification is not a price.
Costing, MOQ and order planning
What a run costs, what the minimum really is, and how to plan a first order.
How Much Does It Cost to Manufacture 100 T-Shirts?
It depends on fabric weight, fabric type, decoration and size range — and at 100 pieces you are close to the point where per-garment setup cost dominates. Nobody can quote 100 t-shirts respo…
Read the guide →What Is the MOQ for Private Label Clothing?
At Eco Vira the starting minimum is 30 pieces per style per colour. That is the entry point, not a promise that 30 pieces of anything is achievable — size range, colour count and whether you…
Read the guide →How to Start a Clothing Brand With a Low MOQ
Start with one style, one colour and one size range. Launch too many styles at a low minimum and you commit your cash to inventory nobody has validated — and the per-garment cost stays high…
Read the guide →Why a Small First Run Beats a Bulk Commitment
Committing to a full container before you have sold a unit is the most expensive habit in apparel. A small, well-run first run de-risks the season.
Read the guide →How to Calculate Landed Cost per Garment
Landed cost is what a garment actually costs after fabric, make, freight, duty, compliance and financing. Get it wrong and your margin is a guess.
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Materials and fabric specification
Weight, construction and certification — what each one changes.
How to Choose T-Shirt GSM: 180 vs 220 vs 240 GSM Explained
GSM — grams per square metre — is the weight of one square metre of fabric, and it is the first thing to decide when specifying a t-shirt. 180 gsm is the everyday standard, 220 gsm is mid-he…
Read the guide →GOTS vs OEKO-TEX: Which Certification Do You Actually Need?
They answer different questions and you need to know which one you are being asked for. GOTS certifies that the fibre is organically grown and that the entire chain to the finished garment m…
Read the guide →Sustainable Fabrics for Custom Clothing
Three materials dominate the sustainable-apparel conversation. Each one has a real benefit, a real weakness, and a different sourcing and certification story.
Read the guide →GOTS vs GRS: When to Use Which
Both are credible certifications, and they are not interchangeable. Choosing the wrong one puts the claim — and the paperwork — at risk.
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Developing a product
From an idea to a specification the factory can build from.
How to Create a Clothing Tech Pack
A tech pack is the written specification a factory builds from: what the garment is, how it is measured, what it is made of, and how it is finished. It needs nine things — a technical drawin…
Read the guide →How to Read a Garment Tech Pack Before Production
A tech pack is the contract between your idea and the garment that ships. Learn the sections a factory uses — and gaps that cause costly re-cuts.
Read the guide →How Does Clothing Sampling Work?
Sampling is the process of making a garment you can hold and approve before bulk production starts. It normally runs in three stages — a prototype to prove the design is makeable, a pre-prod…
Read the guide →Private Label vs OEM vs ODM: What Each One Actually Means
All three mean a factory makes the garment. They describe where the design comes from. OEM means you bring it and we build it. ODM means we propose it and you adapt it. Private label means y…
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How specific garments are made
Construction detail for the categories that get specified badly.
How to Manufacture Oversized T-Shirts
An oversized t-shirt is built with deliberate extra volume — a wider body, a dropped shoulder seam and a longer body length — and it is decided at pattern stage, not achieved by simply buyin…
Read the guide →How to Manufacture Custom Hoodies
A hoodie is specified by its fleece weight and knit structure, its rib, its hood construction and its stitching — not by its colour or fit alone. The three-panel fleece body, a double-layere…
Read the guide →How to Manufacture Custom Streetwear
Streetwear manufacturing runs on heavier fabric, a deliberately oversized or relaxed block, and decoration that carries the identity — embroidery, puff print, screen print or appliqué rather…
Read the guide →Branded Packaging That Retailers Accept
Buyers and retailers notice packaging the way they notice a sloppy label. Here is how to set up a branded packaging programme that survives a pickup and a return cycle.
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Quality, compliance and sourcing
Inspection standards, finding a factory, and shipping it home.
What AQL Inspection Actually Means
AQL is the most quoted and least understood number in garment production. Here is what the level you specify actually buys you.
Read the guide →AQL 2.5 vs AQL 1.5, Explained for Buyers
AQL is the acceptance number behind every garment inspection. Understand 2.5 and 1.5 for defects per batch — and which to specify for your order.
Read the guide →How to Find a Clothing Manufacturer in Pakistan
Start from verified capability rather than a listing. You need a factory that is full-package or the specific process you need, holds the certifications your market requires, has a real samp…
Read the guide →Sourcing Mills You Can Actually Audit
A supply chain you cannot visit is a supply chain you cannot defend. The mill list must be short, known and audited — visited before approval.
Read the guide →Garment Care Labels Guide
A care label is one of the few things a customer reads after buying, and in most markets it is also a legal requirement. Getting it wrong means a rework, a rejection, or a claim.
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Production timelines and logistics
How long things take and what it costs to move them.
From Sketch to Store: The OEM Production Timeline
A garment does not go from a sketch to a store in a week. Here is the real timeline of an OEM production run, from the first tech pack to the day the container arrives.
Read the guide →Carton Planning Is Freight Savings
The cheapest freight gain is rarely a new carrier. It is packing the same product into fewer, better-filled cartons, saving real money.
Read the guide →DDP Shipping for Apparel Buyers
DDP to your warehouse or to a consumer address sounds simple — the seller handles customs. But it is not always the cheapest or simplest way to move a container.
Read the guide →Import Duties & HS Codes for Apparel
The wrong HS code gives you the wrong duty, and the wrong duty gives you a landed cost you cannot defend. Here is how to set the code that matches your order.
Read the guide →Seasonal Collection Plan That Ships
A seasonal collection plan that sits in a spreadsheet does not ship. Here is the sequence that turns a plan into a program that arrives on time, garment by garment.
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Not sure where to start?
Send the specification you have. We will tell you what it needs, what it costs to produce, and what the realistic minimum is.